Surfactants are a class of chemicals widely used in a variety of industrial and household applications, whose main role is to reduce the surface tension of the liquid surface, thereby improving the wettability, permeability and foaming properties of the liquid. Surfactants can be divided into five categories according to their chemical properties and uses: anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, non-ionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants and amino acid surfactants.